05-MODES OF REPRODUCTION

1.        Assertion (A): Survival advantages are enhanced in organisms due to sexual reproduction.

           Reason (R): Sexual reproduction enables creation of new variants.                                              

           1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A                                                                   

            2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A                                                              

              3) A is true but R is false   4) A is false but R is true                                   

2.        P. Maheswari popularized the use of these characters in plant taxonomy.                                    

           1) Anatomical                            2) Embryological                      3) In vitro tissue culture   

              4) Morphological                                               

3.        Study the following.

           A. Production of offspring by a single parent is always asexual reproduction.

           B. Gametes are not formed in organisms which reproduce asexually.                               

           1) A and B are true       2) A is true, B is false   3) A and B are false      4) A is false, B is true         

4.        Cell division is itself a type of reproduction in

           1) Euglena                    2) Penicillum               3) Rhizopus                 4) Liver worts            

5.        Study the following with reference to yeast and choose the incorrect answer.

           A. Daughter cell is initially quantitatively unequal.

           B. Successively formed buds may remain attached to one another for some time.

           C. Bud is separated from the parent cell by cell plate formation.

           D. Parent cell doesn`t exist after the formation of a bud.                                                    

           1) A and C                    2) B and D                    3) B, C and D               4) C and D

6.        Choose the correct combination with reference to asexual spores.

           A. Chlamydomonas                            endogenous                motile

           B. Rhizopus                                         endogenous                non motile

           C. Penicillum                                       exogenous                   non motile 

           1) A only                       2) A and B only            3) B and C only            4) A, B and C                     

7.        Advantage of having “spore” as a asexual reproductive unit is

           I) They are adapted for dispersal                  II) They are produced by meiosis

           III) They can survive long periods of unfavorable conditions.                                             

           1) I and II                     2) II and III                  3) I, II and III               4) I and III             

8.        Regarding gemmae, the correct statements are

           A. Found in some liverworts and fungi

           B. Specialised structures for reproduction via

           C. In Marchantia they arise on male as well as female plants

           1) A and B only            2) B and C only            3) A, B and C               4) A and C only                 

9.        Organisms like plants, animals, protists, prokaryotes and fungi are quite diverse in many aspects. But they share a similar pattern with respect to                                                   

           1) Nutrition                   2) Survival                    3) Propagation              4) Sexual reproduction.

10.      End of juvenile/ vegetative phase and beginning of (sexual) reproductive phase can be easily seen in                                                                                                     

           1) An annual like rice plant                                2) In a biennial like radish plant                                            3) A perennial like century plant                             4) All the above                   

11.      Regarding the gametes involved in fusion in Cladophora

           A. They are planogametes/ zoogametes

           B. They are physically and physiologically identical

           C. They are anteriorly biflagellated

           D. They show homogametic contact                                                  

           1) A and B only correct                                      2) A, B, C and D correct                                                      3) A, C and D only correct                                      4) B and C only correct       

12.      Algae having heterogametes are                                                                     

          1) Funaria and Pteris     2) Liver worts               3) Chara and Fucus       4) Chara and Marchantia

13.      Regarding Chara, incorrect statements are

           I) A multicellular green alga                          II) Sex organs are multicellular

           III) Male and female flowers develop on the same plant – monoecious

           IV) Antheridium lies below the level of the archegonium.                                                   

           1) III and IV                 2) II and III                  3) I and IV                    4) III            only   

14.      Oogonium and archegonium are the female sex organs (gametangia) respectively in       

           1) Chara and Marchantia                                    2) Maize and carica                                                              

           3) Papaya and date palm    4) Marchantia and Fucus                                           

15.      Male and female sex organs develop on different vertically growing stalk – like structures of this plant which bears rhizoids.                                                                           

           1) Papaya                      2) Date palm                 3) Marchantia                4) Chara                  

16.      Assertion (A): Meiosis never occurs in haploid organisms.

           Reason (R): A haploid parent produces gametes (n) by mitotic division.                          

           1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A                                                                

          2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A                                                                 

          3) A is true but R is false   4) A is false but R is true                                   

17.      Assertion (A): Reduction division occurs only in diploid organisms.

           Reason (R): Reduction division has to occur if diploid body has to produce haploid gametes. 

           1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A                                                                 

           2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A                                                                 

             3) A is true but R is false   4) A is false but R is true

18.   Assertion (A): In several bryophytes and pteridophytes, the number of male gametes produced is several thousand times the number of female gametes produced.

            Reason (R):In these plant groups there is much wastage of pollen during its transfer through the water medium.                                                                        

           1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A                                                                 

        2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A                                                              

        3) A is true but R is false   4) A is false but R is true                                   

19.      Significance of pollen tube in seed plants is 

           1) Carries the non – motile pollen grains to stigma / ovule                                                                          

              2) Carries the motile male gametes to the egg                                                                                                      

             3) Acts as haustorium

          4) Transfers the non motile sperms and discharges them near the egg.          

20.      In organisms exhibiting external fertilization, chances of syngamy are enhanced by.      

            1) Synchrony of release of gametes of both sexes into the surrounding medium                                     

            2) Swimming of male gametes towards the egg (chemotaxis)                                                                      

            3) Production of large no. of female gametes     4) Presence of water in their habitat 

21.      Regarding vivipary, the incorrect statement is                      

           1) It is a strategy for lowering the stress on envirnment                                                                                  2) Seeds have no dormancy and hence show precocious germination                                                                  3) Seedlings are formed on the parent plant itself                                                                                     4) It is the formation of young plant of new sporophytic generation on the sporophyte of parent

               generation.                                                     

22.      Type of life cycle in angiosperms is                                                     

           1) Haplo – diplontic      2) Diplo – haplontic      3) Diplontic                   4) Haplontic                       

23.      A feature unique to angiosperms is

           I) Triple fusion                        II) Syngamy               III) Fertilization involving pollen tube        

           IV) Fertilization preceded by pollination 

           1) I and III                    2) I only                        3) III and IV                 4) I, III and IV                   

24.      Swarm spores are produced by

           I) Chlamydomonas                 II) Some bacteria                   III) Some fungi                                   

           1) I only                        2) I and III only            3) I, II and III               4) II and III only

25.    Match the following given in column ‘A’ with the vegetative propagules given in column ‘B’

          Column –A                                 Column –B

          I. Agave                                      A. leaf buds

          II. Mentha                                  B. bulbils

          III. Potato                                  C. eyes

          IV. Water hyacinth                  D. suckers

          V. Liver worts                           E. gemmae

          VI. Bryophyllum                       F. off set

          The Correct match is

                              I       II       III     IV      V        VI                                  I       II      III    IV    V         VI

          1)      B        D      C        E        F        A                           2)       B      C      D      F       E       A

          3)      B        D      F        C        E        A                           4)       B      D      C      F       E       A        

26.    Choose the correct ascending sequence of the following plants with respect to their life-span

          A. Wolffia                   B. Daucus                    C. Rosa                       D. Oryza

          E. Osmunda                F. Musa                       G. Ficus                       H. moss plant

          1) G, E, C, F, B, D, H, A                                   2) A, H, D, B, F, C, E, G

          3) A, H, B, D, F, C, G, E                                   4) A, H, D, B, C, F, E, G

27.    Study the following lists

          List – I                                                 List – II

          I. Neelakuranji                                  A. Derris indica

          II. Flame of the forest                      B. Yucca gloriosa

          III. Kanuga                                         C. Butea monosperma

          IV. Aswagandha                                D. Strobilanthus kunthiana

          V. Spanish Dagger                             E. Withania somnifera

          The correct match is

                             I       II      III     IV                        V                    I         II       III     IV            V

          1)      D      C      A      E        B                          2)         D        C        A        B        E

          3)      D      C      E       A        B                          4)         D        A        C        E        B

28.    Rearrange the following events of sexual reproduction in the sequence in which they occur in majority of Angiospermic plants

          A. Fertilization          B. Pollination             C. Embryogenesis    D. Gametogenesis

          1) B, D, A, C                2) B, C, A, D                3) C, A, D, B               4) B, D, C, A

29.    ‘Swarm spores’ are produced by

          1) Penicillium             2) Rhizopus                3) Rockweed              4) Chlamydomonas

30.    Almost microscopic angiospermic plant is

          1) Eucalyptus              2) Chlamydomonas   3) Wolffia                   4) Chara

31.    Consider the following statements, and choose the correct one

          1) In organisms with external fertilization zygote is formed in the body of the organism

          2) Zygote is formed in all sexually reproducing organisms

          3) In all aquatic organisms, gametic union takes place in water

          4) ‘Parthenogenesis’ is the formation of embryo from an unfertilized male gamete

32.    The life-cycle of a Brown alga (Rockweed) is

          1) Diplontic life-cycle                                    2) Diplohaplontic life – Cycle

          3) Haplontic life – cycle                                 4) Haplo diplontic life -cycle

33.    Which of the following works of P. maheswari won world wide acclaim?

          1) Artificial culture of immature embryos   2) Use of embryological characters in Taxonomy

          3) Research on tissue culture                         4) Intra-ovarian pollination

34.    Which of the following is seen only in angiosperms?

          I. Syngamy                                                       II. Double fertilization

          III. Highly reduced female gametophyte  IV. Diplo – haplontic life-cycle

          1) I and II                     2) II and III                  3) II alone                    4) All

35.    Assertion (A) : Papaya is a bisexual plant

          Reason (R ) : In papaya, both staminate and pistillate flowers are present on the same plant

          1) A is true but R is false                                2) A is false, but R is true

          3) Both A and R are false                               4) Both A and R are true

36.    Choose the correct match

         Organism                                                               Reproductive Structure

         1. Chlamy domonas        -------------------               Non motile spore

         2. Rhizopus                     -------------------               Conidia

         3. Penicillium                  -------------------               Zoospore

         4. Pteridophyte               -------------------               Sporophyll

37.    Eukaryotic organisms which reproduce by binary fission

         1) Yeast                          2) Euglena                      3) Bacteria                            4) Fungi

38.    Perennial plant is

         1) Rice plant                   2) Royal fern                  3) Carrot                               4) Wolffia

39.     Bacteria and yeast reproduce asexually by binary fission and budding respectively, because they are

          1) Microscopic organisms                                   2) Uninucleated organisms

          3) Unicellular organisms                                     4) Heterotropic organisms

40.     Number of parents involved in asexual & sexual reproductions respectively

          1) 2, 1                            2) 1 ,2                            3) 2, 2                           4) 1, 1