RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ASSIGNMENT

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1.         Cori cycle is significant for

            1) removal of NH₂ group from amino acid                             2) conversion of ammonia into urea

            3) detoxification of toxic substances that enter into gut

            4) conversion of lactic acid into glycogen

2.         Read the following and choose the correct combinations

            I. Vein with 95 mmHg of pO₂ comes out from lungs

            II. Artery with 40 mmHg of pO₂ emerges out from right atrium

            III. Veins with 40 mmHg of pO₂ emerge out from tissues/organs

            IV. Main artery with 95 mmHg of pO₂ emerges out from left ventricle

            1) All are correct    2) I, III and IV     3) I, II and III        4) I and II only

3.      Inspiratory capacity means

          1) Residual volume + Inspiratory reserve volume    2) Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

          3) Tidal volume + Residual volume          

          4) Tidal volume + Residual volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

4.      Read the following and arrange them in an order

          A. Primary bronchiole                                   B. Secondary bronchiole    C. Terminal bronchiole      

          D. Tertiary bronchiole                                       E. Respiratory bronchiole

          1) A-B-C-D-E           2) A-B-D-C-E              3) A-C-D-B-E           4) A-B-D-E-C

5.         Match the following and choose the correct answer

List-I	List-II
A. Pneumoconiosis	i. Comes under COPDs
B. Black lung disease	ii. Inhalation of coal dust
C. Emphysema	iii. A type of siderosis
D. Uremia	iv. Excessive urea in blood
	v. Less amount of urea in blood

            1) A-iv, B-i, C-v and D-ii                            2) A-iii, B-ii, C-i and D-v

            3) A-iii, B-ii, C-i and D-iv                          4) A-i, B-iii, C-iv and D-ii

6.    Emphysema is characterized by

       1. Larger but fewer alveoli                               2. Less fibrous and more elastic alveoli

       3. Increased surface area for gaseous exchange   4. Swelling of mucous lining of bronchi

7.    Gap between vocal cords is

       1. Mediastinum             2. Rima glottidis         3. Adam’s apple         4. Foramen ovale

8.    Inspiration occurs when there is

       1. Decrease in pulmonary volume                   2. Contraction of internal intercostal muscles

3. Decrease in intra-pulmonary pressure      4. Detection of increase in pH by medulla

9. The difference in the partial pressure of oxygen of alveolar air and pulmonary capillaries that favours the diffusion of oxygen from the alveolar air into the blood in the pulmonary capillaries is            

            1) 5 mm Hg                2) 40 mm Hg             3) 64 mm Hg             4) 45 mm Hg

10. For the formation of bright red in colour component (Oxyhaemoglobin) during oxygenation, which factors are responsible?      

           1) Low P , low PC , lesser concentration and lower temperature

           2) Low P , higher PC , lesser concentration and lower temperature

           3) High P , low PC , lesser concentration and lower temperature

            4) High P , low PC , higher concentration and higher temperature

11. Assertion (A): Pulmonary volume can not be directly altered.

      Reason (R):   The volume of thoracic cavity will be reflected in the lung cavity as the outer        pleural membrane is in close contact with thoracic lining and the inner pleural 

           membrane is in contact with lung surface. 

           1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A                                    

           2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A                                                     

            3) A is true but R is false                            4) A is false but R is true

12. The chronic disorder in which lungs have larger but fewer alveoli due to damage to the alveolar partition tissue is called 

            1) Asthama                2) Bronchitis             3) Pneumonia            4) Emphysema

13. Identify incorrect statement                                                                                                                          

           1) All vertebro-sternal ribs are true ribs      2) All floating ribs are vertebro-sternal ribs

           3) All thoracic vertebrae involve in the formation of rib cage

            4) All vertebro-chondral ribs are false ribs

14. Increase of carbon dioxide in the blood and decrease in the pH results in the reduction of affinity of hemoglobin for     oxygen is                                                                                                      

            1) Bohr Effect           2) Halden Effect       3) Hamburger`s phenomenon4) Chloride shift

15. Functional Residual capacity (FRC) in an healthy human is                                                                

          1) More than residual volume                       2) Less than residual volume

            3) More than vital capacity                                    4) Equal to vital capacity 

16.          Increase of intra-pulmonary pressure above that of atmospheric pressure is due to the

1)Contraction of external intercostal muscles

2)Relaxation of external intercostal muscles

3)Contraction of radial muscles

4)Relaxation of lateral abdominal muscles

17.          Study the following sets and choose the correct answer

Respiratory                    Process                                                                       Volume of air

Volume/ capacity         

A)   IRV                                  Volume  of air that can                                                6000-8000 ml

                                          be inhaled during normal

                                          breathing

B)    RV                                    Volume of air in the lungs after                            1100-1200 ml

                                          normal exhalation

C)   IC                                     Volume of air that can be inhaled after              2000-2500 ml

                                          normal exhalation

D)   FRC                                  Volume of air that remains in the lungs              2100-2300 ml

                                          after forcible expiration

1)A & B                           2)B,C &D                         3)B & D                             4)None

18.          Non COPD in the following is

1)Emphysema                 2)Asthma                         3)Chronic bronchitis       4)Pneumonia

19.          Match the following and choose the correct answer

A)Respiratory rhythm centre                              I)Elimination of CO₂ and H⁺

B)Chemo-sensitive area                                        II)Response to low oxygen level

C)Pneumotaxic centre                                           III) Control of breathing

D)Receptors in aortic arch and carotid arteryIV) Feedback to respiratory rhythm centre

                                                                                    V)Alternation of respiratory rate

            A         B         C         D                                 A         B         C         D

1)        II          IV        V         I                       2)        III        II          V         IV

3)        III        I           V         IV                    4)        II          V         I           IV

20.    Incorrect statement related to liver

         1) It is both haemopioetic and erythroclastic

         2) It produces both clotting and anti-clotting susbstances

         3) It is centre of both glycogenesis and glycogenolysis

         4) It secretes both glycolytic and lipolytic enzymes

21.    Change of purplish bluish red haemoglobin into bright red haemoglobin is due to

         1) Oxidation                                                        2) Oxygenation

         3) Deoxygenetion                                              4) Oxygen – haemoglobin dissociation

22.    Identify the correct combinations

	pO2	% saturation of haemoglobin	O2  unloaded
I	20 mm Hg	35%	62%
II	100 mmHg	87%	0%
III	40 mmHg	75%	22%

        

         1) All                                2) I & II                      3) II & III                                4) I & III

23.    Identify the correct statement related to the enzyme, carbonic anydrase

         1) Present only in RBC and absent in the plasma

                                                   2) Catalyses both formation and dissociation of carbonic acid

         3) Catalyses formation of carbamino-haemoglobin

                                                   4) Catalyses only the formation of carbonic acid

24.    Which of the following events occur at the tissues

         A. Hamburger’s phenomenon                        B. Oxygenation

         C. Dissociation  of oxyhaemoglobin             D. Dissociation of carbaminohaemoglobin

                                                   1) Only A & B           2) A, B &c C                    3) Only A & C     4) All

25. Disorder in which lungs have larger but fewer alveoli and more fibrous and less elastic state is

          1) pneumonia             2) bronchitis               3) emphysema            4) asthma

26.    Glucose, aminoacids and sodium ions present in glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed in

          1) Proximal convoluted tubule                      2) Distal convoluted tubule          

          3) Ascending limb of loop of Henle             4) Both proximal and distal convoluted tubules

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ASSIGNMENT

                         REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM                      

 

1.      Spermiogenesis refers

          1) Transformation of spermatozoa into spermatogonia

          2) Release of sperms from the seminiferous tubule

          3) Transformation of spermatids into spermatogonia  

          4) Transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa

2.      During the fifth week of development in the embryonic testes, primordial germ cells differentiate into

          1) Primary spermatocytes    2) Spermatozoa    3) Secondary spermatocytes   4) Spermatogonia

3.      Testis is connected with the bottom of the scrotum by

          1) Infundibulum          2) Ingluvial canal            3) Spermatic cord          4) Gubernaculum

4.      The mucosa of the ductus deferens consists of

          1) Transitional epithelium and lamina propria

          2) Pseudostratified cuboidal epithelium and lamina propria

          3) Simple columnar epithelium and transitional epithelium

          4) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium and lamina propria

5.      During spermatogenesis, meiosis – II results in the formation of

           1) Primary spermatocytes                               2) Spermatids                    

           3) Secondary spermatocytes                          4) Spermatogonia

6.        In males, glans penis is formed by

           1) Membranous urethra                                  2) Corpora cavernosa

           3) Corpus spongiosum                                    4) Both 2 and 3

7.        Study the following statements

           1) Spermatic cord contains vas deferens  II) Testis is enclosed in tunica albuginea

           III) Secretions of prostate gland help in activation and nourishment of sperms

           IV) Ejaculatory ducts lead into prostatic urethra .

           Which of the above are true

           1) Only I and III         2) Only III and IV        3) Only I, III, and IV          4) I,II,III, IV

8.        Rete testis and epididymis  are interconnected by

           1) Vasa efferentia     2) Vasa deferentia       3) Vasa vasorium              4) Ejaculatory duct

9.        Choose the incorrect statement with respect to male reproductive system

           1) Cowper’s  glands are present beneath the prostate gland

           2) Epididymis  is present on anterior surface of testis

           3) Urethra passes through corpus spongiosum

           4) Urethra originates from the urinary bladder

10.      Cryptorchidism  is the condition in which

           1) Accessory glands do not develop                       2) Formation of testes does  not take place

           3) Formation of seminal plasma does not take place   4) Testes do not descend into the scrotum

11.      Assertion (A) : - The testes are suspended outside the abdominal cavity within a scrotum

           Reason  ( R ) : - The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes necessary for spermatogenesis

           1)  A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

           2)  A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

           3)  A is true, R is false                                                                                  4)  A is false, R is true

12.      During embryonic development primordial germ cells arise from

           1) Embryonic endoderm                                 2) Yolk sac

           3) Ectoderm                                                      4) Amnion

13.      Hormone that controls the development of secondary sexual characters in males is secreted by

           1) Sertoli cells                                                  2) Spermatogonial mother cells

           3) Leydig cells                                                  4) Spermatids

14.      Spermatozoa are received via the vasa efferentia of the mediastinum testis by

           1) Caput epididymis 2) Rete testis                3) Vas deferens                 4) Corpus epididymis

15.      The two ejaculatory ducts, carrying spermatozoa and the fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles, converge in the centre of

           1) Bulbourethral glands                                  2) Urinary bladder

           3) Prostate gland                                              4) Seminal vesicle

16.      Which one of the following are believed to aid fertilization by aiding the movement of the sperm towards the ovum with peristaltic contractions of the uterus and fallopian tubes ?

           1) Hyaluronidase      2) Fructose                   3) Acrosin                          4) A type of eicosanoids

17.      In male , the fluid that is thought to function as a “ flushing agent” in the urethra, before the ejaculation of semen, secreted by

           1) Bartholin’s glands                                                                                    2) Bulbourethral  glands

           3) Prostate gland                                              4) Skene’s glands

18.      The accessory genital glands which secrete 60 percent of the volume of seminal fluid are

           1) Simple tubular glands                                 2) Compound tubular glands

           3) Simple acinar glands                                   4) Compound alveolar glands

19.      Find  out the set of cells that show haploid condition

           1) Spermatids and spermatogonia                 2) Spermatozoa and primary spermatocytes

           3) Primary spermatocytes and  secondary spermatocytes

           4) Spermatids and  Spermatozoa

20.      Protein hormone which inhibits the secretion of FSH is secreted by

           1) Spermatogonial stem cells                         2) Prostate gland cells     

          3) Sertoli cells                                                         4) Leydig cells

21.     The second meiotic division of the secondary oocyte is induced by   

          1) Entry of sperms into vagina                            

          2) Entry of sperm into cytoplasm of secondary oocyte

          3) After the fusion of sperm nucleus with the nucleus of secondary oocyte

          4) With the entry of secondary oocyte into ampullary isthmic zone

22.     During gestation the first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on the head are usually observed during

          1) 2^nd month                   2) 3^rd month                   3) 4^th month                    4) 5^th month

23.     Which one of the following IUDs makes the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms?

          1) Progestasert               2) Multiload 375           3) Lippes loop            4) Copper releasing IUD

24.     What would happen if the vas deferens is tied up through a small incision on the scrotum?     

          1) Secretion of semen is failed                             2) Sperms become immotile

          3) Developing sperms are not nourished            4) Semen is without sperms

25.     The first stage with haploid set of chromosomes can be seen in the following during spermatogenesis          

          1) Primary spermatocyte                                       2) Spermatid

          3) Secondary spermatocyte                                  4) Spermatozoa

26.     ‘Spermiation’ is the process of                         

          1) Liberation of sperms from ‘sertoli cells’ and released from seminiferous rubules

          2) Liberation of sperms from secondary spermatocyte

          3) Release of sperms through penis                     4) Injection of sperms into vagina

27.     The part of decidua that separates the embryo from the uterine lumen is

          1) Decidua Capsularis                                           2) Decidua Basalis

          3) Decidua Parietalis                                              4) Vitellarium

28.  Function of slightly acidic component of semen is

       1. Peristaltic contraction of uterus                  2. Lubrication of urethra

       3. Activation of sperms                                                                           4. Lubrication of vagina

29.  Uterus is connected to abdominal wall by a peritoneal fold called

       1. Perimetrium              2. Mesosalpinx           3. Endometrium          4. Mesometrium

30.  Arrange the following events in correct sequence

       A. Implantation             B. Delamination         C. Disappearance of corona radiata

       D. Conception               E. Capacitation           F. Ingression               G. Compaction

       1. D,E,G,C,A,B,F           2. E,D,C,G,A,B,F        3. E,C,D,G,B,A,F        4. D,C,E,A,B,G,F

31.  Degeneration of corpus luteum causes

       1. Disintegrates endometrium                          2. Promotes progesterone secretion        

       3. Promotes implantation                                    4. Stops ovulation

32.  Non-bacterial disease of the following is

       1. Gonorrhea                 2. Syphilis                   3. Chlamidiasis           4. Genital herpes

33.  Vasectomy prevents

       1. Ejaculation                2. Ovulation                3. Conception             4. Spermiation

34. In ovary secondary follicle contains

       1. Diploid primary oocyte without polar body

       2. Haploid primary oocyte without polar body

       3. Diploid secondary oocyte without polar body

          4. Diploid primary oocyte with first polar body

35.      Match the following and choose the correct combination

           List – I                        List – II

           A. Mesosalpinx         1. Attaches fallopian tube to body wall

           B. Mesometrium      2. Attaches ovary to dorsal body wall

           C. Mesovarium         3. Attaches uterus to dorsal body wall

           D. Endometrium       4. Epithelium of oviduct

                                                5. Uterine Lining

           The correct match is

           1) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-5                                       2) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

           3) A-5, B-1, C-2, D-3                                       4) A-1, B-5, C-2, D-3

36.      Study the following statements and choose the correct answer.

           I. During spermatogenesis, four spermatids are formed from each secondary spermatocyte

           II. During oogenesis, four ova are formed from each primary oocyte

           III. The second maturation division occurs in secondary oocytes only after the entry of sperm

           IV. Tunica vaginalis lines the vagina

           1) 1 and II                   2) I and III                     3) III and IV                        4) III

37.      At the time of Ovulation the graafian follicle releases

           1) A secondary oocyte with diploid nucleus     2) A primary oocyte with haploid nucleus

           3) A secondary oocyte with haploid nucleus    4)  A ovum with diploid nucleus

38.      Corona radiata disappears

           1) After ovulation     2) Before Fertilization                                             3) After fertilization 4) After cleavages

39.      Endometrium present between embryo and lumen of the uterus is called

           1) Decidua capsularis                                      2) Decidua basalis

           3) Myometrium                                                4) Decidua parietalis

40.      The three primary germ layers are formed from

           1) Trophoblast           2) Cells of Rauber       3) Hypoblast                      4) Epiblast

41.      The first event during the process of gastrulation

           1) Formation of notochord                             2) Formation of primitive streak           

           3) Formation of Hensen’s node                     4) Ingression

42.      Match the following and choose the correct answer

           List – I                        List – II

           A. Myotome              1. Vertebrae

           B. Dermatome          2. Excretory organs

           C. Sclerotome           3. Skeletal muscles

           D. Mesomere             4. Connective tissue

           The correct match is

           1) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1                                       2) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2

           3) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2                                       4) A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

43.      Assertion (A): Placenta of human is described as discoidal placenta.

           Reason (R): In human, the chorionic villi are restricted to the dorsal surface of blastodisc.

         1)  A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

         2)  A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

         3)  A is true, R is false.                                               4)  A is false, R is true.

44.      The connective tissue among seminiferous tubules contains

           1) Leydig cells           2) Sertoli cells             3) Spermatids                     4) Spermatogonia

45.      The function of epididymis

           1) Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis     

           2) Temporary storage and nourishing of the sperms

           3) Nourishing of the spermatogonia only    4) Activation of the spermatogonia

46.      The contraction of smooth muscles of female reproductive tract is stimulated by

           1) Fructose                                                        2) Citric acid                     

            3) Cowper’s glands secretions                   4) Prostaglandins

47.      Second polar body is formed by

           1) Meiosis I in primary oocyte                       2) Meiosis II in primary oocyte

           3) Meiosis I in first polar body                      4) Meiosis II in secondary oocyte

48.      Study the following statements

           I) Cyclic changes in the ovarian follicles are called menstrual cycle

           II) Epididymis is connected to testis by gubernaculum

           III) Foetal movements can be observed during fifth month of gestation

           Which of the above are correct ?

           1) Only III                   2) Only II and III          3) Only I and III                 4) I, II, III

49.      Assertion (A): If the fertilisation takes place, the ovulation is prevented in female.

           Reason (R): Corpus luteum secretes progesterone throughout the gestation period.

         1)  A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

         2)  A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

            3)  A is true, R is false.                    4)  A is false, R is true

50.    A normal woman who is the daughter of a colour blind man, married a colour blind man and their sons are

          1) All are colour blind                                            2) All are normal

          3) 75 % are colour blind and 25% are normal    4) 50 % are colour blind and 50% are normal

51.    Study the following statements and find out the correct statement

          I. Occurrence of ovulation during intense lactation by the mother is called lactational amenorrhea

          II. IUDs prevent phagocytosis of sperms by WBC with in the uterus

          III. Amniocentesis is a diagnostic procedure to detect genetic defects in the foetuses

          IV. Medical termination of pregnancy aim is to keep full term of gestation

          1) I                                     2) IV                                3) III                               4)II

52.    Assertion (A) : In human being placenta is discoidal type

          Reason( R) : Chorionic villi are restricted to ventral surface of the blastodisc

          1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

          2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

          3) A is true and R is false                               4) A is false and R is true

53.    Select incorrect statement about human placenta

          1) discoidal type                                              2) Foetal RBCs directly enters in to Maternal blood

          3) allantois also fuse with the chorion in the process of vascularisation

          4) deciduate type

54.    Read the following :

          Assertion (A) : During fertilization in humans only one sperm enters the ovum

          (secondary oocyte).

          Reason (R) : The entry of sperm into the secondary oocyte induces the completion of meiosis – II  and results in the formation of a second polar body and an ovum (ootid).

         1)  A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.          

          2) A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

          3) A is true, R is false                                      4)  A is false, R is true

SR.MPL                                 ASSIGNMENT_KEY SHEET                                       Date: 27.12.14

1)      4	2)      4	3)      4	4)      4	5)      2	6)      3	7)      4	8)      1	9)      2	10)   4
11)   1	12)   2	13)   3	14)   1	15)   3	16)   4	17)   2	18)   1	19)   4	20)   3
21)   2	22)   4	23)   1	24)   4	25)   3	26)   1	27)   1	28)   3	29)   4	30)   2
31)   1	32)   4	33)   3	34)   1	35)   1	36)   4	37)   3	38)   3	39)   1	40)   4
41)   2	42)   2	43)   1	44)   1	45)   2	46)   4	47)   4	48)   1	49)   3	50)   4
51)   3	52)   3	53)   2	54)   2

SR.MPL                                 ASSIGNMENT_KEY SHEET                                       Date: 27.12.14

1)      4	2)      4	3)      4	4)      4	5)      2	6)      3	7)      4	8)      1	9)      2	10)   4
11)   1	12)   2	13)   3	14)   1	15)   3	16)   4	17)   2	18)   1	19)   4	20)   3
21)   2	22)   4	23)   1	24)   4	25)   3	26)   1	27)   1	28)   3	29)   4	30)   2
31)   1	32)   4	33)   3	34)   1	35)   1	36)   4	37)   3	38)   3	39)   1	40)   4
41)   2	42)   2	43)   1	44)   1	45)   2	46)   4	47)   4	48)   1	49)   3	50)   4
51)   3	52)   3	53)   2	54)   2